The issues plaguing local government councils in Nigeria are deeply rooted in the structural and constitutional setup, which has allowed state governors to exert undue influence over these councils. This influence has effectively stifled their ability to function independently and fulfil their roles in socioeconomic development and democracy.
PROBLEMS WITH THE CURRENT SYSTEM
State Electoral Commissions (SECs):
These commissions, which are responsible for conducting local government elections, are often seen as extensions of the state governors' offices. This connection undermines the integrity of local elections, resulting in the imposition of leaders who are loyal to the governors rather than those who are democratically chosen by the local populace.
Constitutional Loopholes:
Sections of the 1999 Constitution, such as Section 7(1), Section 83(3), and Section 7(5), contain ambiguities and weaknesses that governors exploit to undermine local governments. These sections allow governors to manipulate the system to their advantage, often at the expense of local governance.
Fiscal Emasculation:
The joint state/local government accounts have become a tool for state governors to control federal allocations meant for local governments. This control leads to financial strangulation of local councils, rendering them incapable of delivering basic services and promoting local development.
Caretaker Committees:
In some cases, instead of elected local government officials, many governors appoint caretaker committees. These appointments are often politically motivated, further eroding the democratic process at the local level.
PROPOSED SOLUTIONS
Abolish State Electoral Commissions:
Shifting the responsibility of conducting local government elections from the SECs to the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) could help ensure free and fair elections. INEC, being a national body, is perceived to be more independent and less susceptible to local political pressures.
Constitutional Amendments:
A comprehensive review and amendment of the 1999 Constitution are necessary to close the loopholes that allow governors to interfere with local government autonomy. Specific amendments should aim to:
Strengthen Section 7 to guarantee the autonomy of local governments.
Remove provisions that enable fiscal control by state governors over local funds. Ensure a clear separation of powers and financial independence for local governments.
Direct Funding:
Establishing a system where federal allocations are directly disbursed to local governments without passing through state governments can prevent financial manipulation and ensure that funds are used for their intended purposes.
Empowering Local Governance:
Creating legal frameworks that protect the rights and powers of local governments, including the ability to generate and manage their own revenues, will enhance their capacity to address local issues effectively.
Conclusion
For Nigeria's local government system to function effectively and contribute to socioeconomic development and democracy, it is crucial to address the root causes of its current dysfunction. Abolishing State Electoral Commissions in favour of INEC, amending the constitution to protect local government autonomy, and ensuring direct funding are key steps towards revitalizing local governance. These measures will help local governments fulfil their roles and bring governance closer to the people.
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